Process of preparing sand molds for and casting cup-shaped articles.



D. L RYAN.

PROCESS 0F PREPAHFNG SAND MOLDS FOR AND CASTING CUP APPLCATIOH FILED 0.1. RYAN. PROCESS OF FNWI-.SING SAND MULDS FR AND CASTING CUP SHAPED ARTICLES.

Af'mlcArioN FILED MAY 7. 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEIEY 2.

@No www Y 1. RYAN. PRU'CESS 0F FHEAHiNS SAND MOLDS FUR AND CASHJG CUP SHAPED ARTICLES.

' PPLCATIQN FILED WAY Y, i915.

jammed Feb. 5, M8.

5 sHETSMsHEEr A if l @Zini/WLM d@ @,M/

i: man MJ l. RYAN.

S OF PHEPAEING SAND MOLDS FOR AND CASHNG CUP Ski/WED ATCLES. v

PROCES 5 SHEETS-SHEEf 4.

gwvemtofv APPLICATIUN HLED MAY 7. 19m.

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specification oi Letters -Applieation died. May' L MM5. 'eioi No.

i pistons7 end to the casting thereof?.

One object oi' the invention is to simplify the irooess or ort or nuthin@A molds for cesting motor pistons and siniiinriy shaped artioies.

Another oiojeet oi' the invention is to pro vide improved process ot preparing molds for casting e series of pistons siinuitzineousiy, whereby the tahoe end operating; ex penses ure greatly reduced. v

Another object of the invention is to ineke the eores and their supports of en integrati mass of motorini, such 'as send.

A further object isto here the weiis ot ezieh inoid of the seine materiel simiiariy prepared and Conditioned, so that the motel in the casting n both sides Wallis of siinihir nieterioi siiniinriy Conditioned.

Another object ot' the invention `is to pro- Arride :in improved process orf molds :tor casting e series of eupwtiped ertieies with. side Wells oi eubstzn y nniitorin cross-sectional area Where desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide 4moids with properly niined concentric green sand cores 'eil of 'which are supported. in fixed relationship and cooperate with the mold cavities to east enpsheped articles with.

wells of uniform thickness endfwhioh may be cmnperativeiy thin Where desired.

Another object of the invention is to eilitete the pouring ot lthe,(meting end insure that the Costing wiil he formed qiiioidy, suii stentiaiiy homogeneous [throughout end Without hiowdioies i'iith these end other object-s in View, the

invention consists oit the :steps eonihined end' set forth in the appended sienne,` nii oit 3"?. f, semble the more or inoids tor tormnnon pret n new 1 the ed ,s

' traine, it si.Le

`the cores to :he torrie' .L3-J understood .troni the i/ui out my invention, first,

Jhieh W toiiowinp; der in enrryi erehiy siinuite. eousiy e piuraiity of cores of en integral :r 4s oit green send. JFor 'this purpose i prefer to use a :traine or support suitably mounted, preferably on trunnions,

whereby .it indy be inverted for e purposejo be inter herein forth. itithin this :trame next suitzihiy support e piuruiity et reudily reinoif'abie core bones, each such. bei: coni.u prising e. piureity of sets oit segmented. shaped4 sections which eioseiy engage noch other edge to edge when assembled ond et one end oioseiy engage :L suitable end cio* sure. .Each such engaging' edge may he snit ably ground or otherwise surfaced for inti mete oon .et with-the adjacent Weit 'which it inuy engage.

Next., the dr f port of ti upon the frer hie roer er i. prefer to here i he outer end oi 1he sep;- inentei Core hrm. sections iie Hush with or substnntieiij.7 i i the piene et' engzirgenient of the dr with the cooperating edges of the t eine supporting seid core hon sections. y

The inner weils of the Core non seftio'ns may be of any desired shape iongitudinniiy end cirouinitere desired oontoi is the di.

rieti); depending; upon 'the the nrtieie to ,'ee @est4 ie supported on the ton*e ounds the upper open the core boxes so that the green in the core hoi; sections and the comes one integral. mess.

The eores may he grouped in the treme in any .desired arrangement. 'i prefer, how ever, to group them around e common 'exis and to .torni e pouring basin common to eli with sections of gates ieedim.-B iti om the pouring; iieein to pointe the cores.. iin order to the said traine e in :.1: ,s

With s-e'tione oi tween the eore ment is pertieni.

send' pinned;

t sect-fone i 1,1 detainees-ous es ont one do this i enitefny snpport on sprue opening' to the pouring basiny is iequired, which may be an equal distance from' each of lthe molds.- Furthermore, by providing the pouring basin and gates as justv described, they will be disposed at the lower 'end of the entire mold when the parts of the liask are finally assembled, so that in curing the molten metalrinto the mold it is tiret directed to the lowerinost point thereof lfrom which it risesrinto each mold section,

l-forcing' the air and Igases out through the .sand and suitable vents.. A

ext, I form the cores, the pouring .basin common thereto and the sections of gates leading from the basin to a `point adjacent, each ooi-e. For this purpose, the core boxes and. drag are illed with a quantity of previously prepared green sand which is immediately tamped in any suitable way. The green sand should be tempered tothe proper degree and condition, as operating `conditions may require. I'Vhere the aforef.

said frame is mounted'upon arisingjand falling trunnion support, thesand may be tamped in any vjolting operation, such as'is we suitable malmgykas l1357,63; nowno y `tlfrosesll@ :,illedin this art, "Ihereafter, theexcess sand ontopof the drag is,leveled 1with a suitable tool and "a board or plate `is .de'

tachably secured vto the drag by "a bail orv other devieewhich lengages. the frame and secures the drag', board and frame together.

Prior to fastening such board'or plate to the drag, I prefer' to suitably vent; the'cores. This may be done in any welllrnown man- 11er, as by having vent pins secured toa l suitable supportand pressing'such pins into the cores through openings in the said boardor plate and then removing said vent pins seas to leave the vent holes open 4at. one end. A

.'fThe next step consists in -separatiiig the drag, cores and core boxes -from the,rv frame. Incarrying out this-'step 'Iii-cause relative movement to take place between the drag, cores and core boxes, vand the frame in a direction axially of each core.v This.' Operation or step may be eected'b'y` gravity.

The 'frame is first linvertedon its trunnions and then the bail isdetached fromthe frame, whereupon thel drag with the k'cores and core 1` box sections may move downwardly; For convenience in supporting and controlling the drag, cores and core'box sections during their downward morvement, I preferably Iprovide a rising and falling ca rrier below. the frame. This carrier is, by suitable inechamsm, moved upwardly into a; position to engage with and support the drag, the sand therein, cores and the core boxes. Upon ythe detachment of [he connections between the board or plate andthe frame, downward movement of the carrieris effected, it being iroperly controlled andbrought to a Astate v nauseas them should, due to friction'or other cause,

stick to the, support, injury might result to the core. .Especially is this true where the cup-shaped `article to be cast `is provided with yinternally projecting ineinbers.

` I prefer that the core box receiving 'walls oi the frame shall be slightly inclined and that the bearing walls on the segmental sections shall be arranged to coperate there- `with so thatv the separation of said sections will be `easily effected. Next, I reinove the core box sections from the cores. Prior t this step of my process `linay move the drag and the fornied'cores -therein from the carrier to some table or other support where the core box sections are readily accessible, as for example to a .vibrating table or support. The segmental 'sections constituting each core box are moved radially outward away from the core to separate them'therefroiii. An. operative may perform this'step by hand, two sections of each box being grasped and preferably moved substantially simultaneously radially away from the adJacent core. W here more than one operative is provided.. the sections of a plurality of core boxes may be removed .substantially simultaneously.

I This operation lis continued until all of the boxes are separated from the cores.

Each set of core box sections may be so 1 ldisposed that the operative may utilize to the best advantage the spaces between the coresfor grasping the core box sections and moving them away from the cores.

.Yext, I form the mold section, which ieceives the cores. At the saine time I preferably form the sprue openingfor the mold andthe gates which directly communicate with the mold cavities. In 'carryin g out this step of n'y process, I place a oope'onl top of a pattern or patterns. The pattern is 'shaped to form the desired number of mold ,v cavities corresponding to the number of cores onl the drag, also, preferably, atop wall for 'the 4pouring basin, the other part of which is formed in the drag, and gate scctions which register with the Vouter ends ot the gateI sections formed-iii the drag and extend laterally from the mold cavities at either'side thereof so as to direct the molten metal thereto. A sprue pin-is theiiproperly box sections is especially advantageous in 'this connection.

' It win be noted that with my invention a is possibleto use green sand in the making of-cores and to insure that the cores will be vproperly positionedin thecope ofa .flaskj 'Withoutany particular skill being required on the part of' the molder or operati-ve to secure this 'highly advantageous result. Thus the labor, equipment, time and eX: pense of making dry sand cores or the like and later positioning them in the ask vis obviated, while on the other hand the green lcores relative fao cope being f mounted on and secured 'to the sand can-be used over and over 4for making new cores.

'My invention provides forl rigidityfof the to the drag andeach other when .incased in the iask andduring the pouring operation, and insures a casting I'havingA uniform walls throughout its entire circumference on anydesired radial plane. f'pFurthermore, by using green sand for -making Athe corfeis, both parts of the mold molten metal.

quality and characteristics onitsinrier and louter surfaces;

Having described'the variousz 'I'for i carrying out my invention, I willnow; de`

scribe one way of carrying out the steps of the process. Referring to the drawings- Fig/ure 1 is a Aperspective view of a ma'- chine onwhich the core or cores of .the mold are made vl v Fig. V2 is a `sectional view of the core box frame and drag connected together ready to receite lthe sand. l

Fig.' .3 is a front view of the core box frame and drag secured together ater'the vcores have been tamped. v

Fig. Il is al section on the line of Fig.3. l Fig. `5 isa section on the line 5--5 of Fig. Gis a perspective view of the machine shown in Fig. `1, illustrating the removal of the .cores vand core boxes fromthe core box frame.

' and cores \and `illustrating the operation of removingthe-fcore box sections. 'Fig'.'S isaperspe'ctive view of acomplete core box',` the\ part; th. k*sof being enlarged and" partly se ara'tedIfroI'n each otherff Fig. 9 is ia se tional View through the drag and coreson the line 9- -9 ofFig; 7.- Fig. 10"`i s a' perspective view of a machine on which a mold 'in the ycope is "formed, the

pattern plate.

` Fig. 11 1s a fragmentaryyiew, showing the cope tampcd the same material, to j avoid unequal setting or chilling of. 4the,

I am `enabled therefore tof produce a casting with annular sections,-the f metalin the walls of which has the same- -placed perspective view of the drag sult of this construction;v

ric'r 1dv in its lowermost posi.

Figs. 11, 11b and 11c are ragmentarydetail views ofthe mechanism which engages with the stripping plate for stripping the mold from the pattern plate.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view illustrating the operation of stripping 'the mold from the pattern plate. u Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the stripping plate.

Fig. '14 is an inverted perspective view of the cope with a mold formed therein.

Fig. 1 5 is a' perspectiveview of the-cope and drag securedtogether. ready for pouring ofthe mold'.

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal sectional View through the' cope and drag.

j Fig. 17 vis an'elevation' of aypiston cast in the mold shown in Fig. 15.

' Fig. 18 is a sectionalview ofthe piston.

Fig. 19 is a plan'viewfof the piston.

The assembling of the' core boxes Jfor forming simultaneously a plurality of cores 'of'an integral mass of green-sand is preferably carried 'out in connection with a inachinef 1 1 indicates such a machine adapted to support during: the making of a `ore or cores,.a core box structure, indicated as an :entirety at 2.

operated up and down by any suitable mechanism. The elevating and lowering mecha* nism preferably comprises a coil spring 1, one end 'of which is connectedto the frame of themachine-l and its otherend is connected to the lever'mechanism for the carrier 1". The spring 1" is arranged to be under tension when the carrier 1x is moved downwardly, by the lever Amechanism. The carriervl'd may be actuated ually by means of afoot lever 1H.. As Aa reates tolift the carrierll` vupbn the release of the spring '1- opera lock device which normally hdlds'fthe car- .uw 4It will be understoodthathc machine 1, referred tol and illustrated h lfein, in' itself, forms yno part of my present invention, but that it simply serves as a suitable support for theA core box structureQ and lends itself to the convenient-and rapid operation thereof during the making of the cores.

Next I suitably support a plurality of las i iso . v lation ,i mill @Imbfe t im lreceimlg member@ 26 @we aped, core L as shown' boxes, 3 of www@ 'namml siam@ tu form J zg cores @f any' desired. diamte and shape.

In the .l hm@ whin the Capaci@ 03E the strucie. Core $3024 frame 2 haw-@iu lusirate. adaptfed my imenin E; nmkjug; @fiom Cores sgmuinmmlsly. t will im underside@ in this cfmuoction, that :such f1-ame may be; a1 *angled to om :i m .MSS numimr of COMES. Ful'tllermom, Since @ach core box 3- is imezib@ and remwab ndopendenly of tha :remaining cm1. bww, :1m enabled t@ mm L plguzty 0f www of Sil'llim: size o? to maks mm mi? dit'efen 4; indmaes a suably shaped paem.) preferably xed 'lo fha fism'le pabe 2c, ko fol/:m a @entrai metal receiving; basin 3 with side web more at tsmse, and disposed arranged in hori- Him am amm/'ing th@ a.

veil hmmm. manner,

- 2U and com v separated from `the' core.

.rea

paratory to casting, as" will belater dej scribed.

The interlocking devices 25' and 3e' .be-.f

tween the recelvinp;` members 2d and core box 5 sections 3? are especially provided to position the corelbox sections 3 with their meeting edges disposed i'n a plane which provides maximum space for' accessibility to and movement ofthe sections 3?, when they are When the core box structure 2 is arranged-to form four cores, the meeting edges of the-corebox sections 3 are' preferably disposed in :planes coincident with radial lines passing throughthe akis'of"l the core box frame?.

Next, I form them'old sectionin the ask cope,' preferably utilizing a machine inso rdoing.

11 indicatessuch Aa molding machine pro- '2t vided with a risingjand falling frame or carrie'r 3113.1 The machine 1'1 may be .offany preferred or standard form of construction. Itis preferably provided with side members or uprights 3.11", which support a pairA of guides 11) for the carrier .llj-and upper and lower cross pieces 11",'111. The carrierA 11a preferably comprises abase 11 *provided with a depending member 11', and a pair of spaced standards 11t each carrying a bracket I- l 11g. The base 11" vis' provided with suitable shoes which engage the guidesllc toguide theYcarrier in its up and down movements,

4 andthe depending member 11 is connected or operated by suitable powermechanism- 354 (not shown), preferably air type, 'under controlof thevvalve members indicated at 12. The power mechanism and=.

` `the valve control members `therefor :are

preferably constructed and larranged tojolt the carrier 11a for tamping the sand, as Willbe clearly understood by those skilled inthe as well as to ralse and lower the carrier, for apurart to hich my invention relates,

pose to be. later described.

" 13 indicates a plate fixed, preferably in av detachable manner, at or along its opposite4v Theplate 13 is.

ends to the brackets 11g. adapted to support in a Well known way a suitable pattern or patterns.

adapted to make molds for casting engine pistons.. The' plate 13 is formed at either side with cut away portions 13", the purpose" of which will'be later described.

A 14 indicates the flask structure, preferably on the pattern plate 13 and to -ormer during the stripping operation. Aunder surface ofthe stripping plate 16'i .the corners thereof for a purposejto be later 4receive and support a sprue pin 17.

of thefcompressed 'Correslponding arm I have `illus-' 50 trated a plurality of cylindricalpatterns 13 tostopthe arms 18a The' arms 18"t are foldable or collapsible through which the pins extend and wedges 15 which it elongated slots formed in the pins'15n and engage the adjacent walls of the slots and lugs'lia to hold thc cope 14 in position, one 'pin only being shown. 70;. 16 indicates a stripping plate arranged to be interposed-between the cope 14 and patev tern plate 13. The plate 16 is formed with suitable-openings 16, of the proper shape` and size to permit it to tit over the patterns'-v5 13 and in close engagc'mentwith lthe plate 13. At opposiepsides, the stripping plate 16 is formed ,ith openings 16" to receive.` the ide pins 15", whereby the latter serve L to a ine or position the stripping plate 168g;

guide the The? preferably' provided with recesses 16' near set forth. In the ,apparatus`iIlustrated,-"]

prefer to provide the stripping plate'lwith gate patterns 16c and a pourlng basin pat- A tern 161A which is formed With an opening to y *'90 18 indicates the stripping devices, prefer ablyl `comprising ourlnembers or arms 12S* eachv pivotal-lyy mounted ,on a support 18" fixedto the cross pieces 11". The arms 18 maybe] connected together--whereby theye operate about their pivots simultaneously,

-the arms-18 oneither side'ofthe machine being'- connected by a rod 1.8 `Iand one arm 184 onfone side being connected. with thel 18? on the opposite side by "a mechanism theintermediate link` offwhich. is pivoted on the support 18".

The endsy ofthe arms 18 adjacent to-their pivots are preferably Weighted. to slightly counterlialan'ce` the Weight of ltheir opposite orree ends.' This form of. construction ccoperates with the means, hereinafter described, 'for-lnovin the arms 18into opera i tive position and a so maintains them in this latter pos tion after theyhave been moved @ia thereto. 18 indicates stop pins carried by the Weighted ends of the arms '18 and arranged. to stop the latter at a redetermined point. f The pins 1 8e arepre erably screwthreaded `inopening's formed .in the arms 11..' 18a, whereby they may lie-readily, adjusted at' the properposition.`

into a horizontal position, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, belowthe pattern plate 13. When in this position, the arms 18 permit thc stripping plate 16 and cope 14 to beV arran ed on the pattern plate 13 in convenient position for thelperative to work with the carrier 11a in.its' normal or lowermost position. The arms 18 on one side of the machine are slightly offset relative to the arms 18 on the opposite side thereof in order that they may be arranged side by side upon the support 18", as shown in Figs` 10 and 11. 13e

. the .opposite sides thereofl at-the bottom and then rising in the mold cavity, expelling air, gas and etc. through the sand and vents Thisl application embraces rating said drag and Aformed therein, forming l recess to receive said core and to constitute until thecomplete casting is formed. divisional subject-matter of my application Serial No. 816,461, iled February 4, 1914.

No claim is made herein to disclosed making molds andthe .iiieans orstripping' tion will suggest themselves,.without depart! thereof., My disclosures andthe vdescription herein are j purely illustrativeand -a re not intended to'f' ing from the spirit andA scope be inl any sense limiting.

What I claimis;

sists in. assembling a plurality of core box` sections 4and a gate and pouring bas in fpat form acore upsidql pouring basin and aterii upon a support to down with a`n adjacent gate at one sideof said-core, positioning a drag at the openend ofsaid core box, then illing said core box and drag withl sandiand tamping it to form an integralmass of.

thenI sepa#v core lbox withthe Sandi therein from the support,- then separating l a plurality sand in said dragand core box,`

the sections ofthe core box from the core therewith a mold for a cup-shaped article having` a gate leading laterally from its open end, then placing the cope and drag together with the core inside the mold cavity in the cope, the gate inthe drag communicating at its outer end with the gate in the cope.

2. The herein described processwhich consists in yassembling a plurality of sectionaly core boxes and a gate and pouring basin pattern upon a support to cores upside down with a centrally disposed pouring basin and gates extending radially at each side of -each core, then positioning a drag at the open end of said core boxes, then filling said core boxes and drag with sand and tamping it to form an integral mass'of sand in said drag and core boxes, then separating said drag and core boxes with the sand therein from the support, then separating the sections of each core box from the core formed therein, forming in sand in a cope recesses to receive said cores and to constitute therewith molds for cup-shaped articles, with gates extending laterally between the adjacent walls of adjoining recesses, and ther. placing the cope and drag,

gates in the cope.

sabjects-matter relating 'to the vmachine for .of lag-mass of sand a' bed l i common: to

in sand in a cope aform a plurality "of together with each core inside one lofisaidrecesses .in the cope, the gates in the drag communicating at 3. The herein described process which con# their ,outerends withfthe 7 sists informing of a mass of sanda bed'a'nd t an integral core for a cup-shaped mold,` a gate extending froinfl `said curing basin to one side of said coro,l formingv in, san-d pouring basin' and l -a moldl cavity to. receive' said core, va gate extendingfrom. one side of said mold cavity' and a sprue hole disposed to. cooperate with said pourin basin, and thenasseinbl/ing thebed andmo d'containing said-mold 'cavity'so that thel core4 will be concentricwithin thepavity' and .the gate .at

4. The hei'eindescribcd 'process' o: making cupfsli/aped-lmoldswhicli consists in forming `cres,integral therewith, avg pouring basin the cores and gates extending pouringfbasnfto either side of.` each coro, forming in' sand mold cavities to rec'eiire 'said vcores' gates. extending 'from oppositesid'es'of said mold cavities and a sprue "hole to,4 ooperate -with said ,pouring basin, and finally assembling said mold. secs tions with n the gates at either side of each core 'communicating with the gates leading`- from 'the adjacent mold'cavities.

5." The herein described process of makin of piston molds from green sand "hich consists in assembling together in a support a plurality of sets of correlated core box sections and a drag, to forni cores, then -illii'ig 'the core sand and tamping it to form a series ofv cores from one ymass of sand', then separating the drag and sand therein, the formed cores and core boxes from the support, then separating. the sections of each core box from the formed cor'e therein and from each other, then forming from green sand a mold section having recesses yfor said cores and then assembling the cores and mold section together to form a mold.

. the core and 'from each other.

7. The herein Vdisclosed process which con'- l sists in assembling together on, a 'support one side" of the''corewill communicate at its eachcore concentric within one .of said mold cavities and boxes and dragwith green core asa unit from thesupport the drag and k-core box With the bed and core therein, and

4finally laterally movlng the core box secl. `tio; s from each other.v

", 16;' `herein described process of making clip-shaped articles having internal pro- 15 jeetions, which consists in assembling on a support in correlated relationship a suitably shaped sectional core box and a drag, then lling the drag and core box with sand and tamping it to form in one integral mass a bed and a core, then separating from the support by movement in a direction axially of the core as a unit the dra and core box with the bedand core therein, and finally separating the core box sections from each 25 other by movements in a radial direction.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

DANIEL J. RYAN. 

